"So when a great man dies,
For years beyond our ken,
The light he leaves behind him lies
Upon the paths of men."
For years beyond our ken,
The light he leaves behind him lies
Upon the paths of men."
~ Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
Amid These Storms: Thoughts and Adventures, by Winston Churchill [1]
This material progress, in itself so splendid, does not meet any of the real needs of the human race…. No material progress, even though it takes shapes we cannot now conceive, or however it may expand the faculties of man, can bring comfort to his soul. It is this fact, more wonderful than any that Science can reveal, which gives the best hope that all will be well. – “Fifty Years Hence”
“Morally it is wicked . . . politically it is a blunder”: does Churchill’s verdict on making war in Afghanistan still hold true?From The Irish Times - Books
I would say to the House as I said to ministers who have joined this government, I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many long months of struggle and suffering.
You ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea, and air. War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime. That is our policy.
You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word. It is victory. Victory at all costs – Victory in spite of all terrors – Victory, however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival.
Let that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall move forward toward his goal.
The man who mentioned Churchill's role at Gallipoli |
From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an iron curtain has descended across the Continent.
I come now to the crux of what I have travelled here to say. Neither the sure prevention of war, nor the continuous rise of world organisation will be gained without what I have called the fraternal association of the English-speaking peoples. This means a special relationship between the British Commonwealth and Empire and the United States of America. Ladies and gentlemen, this is no time for generality, and I will venture to the precise. Fraternal association requires not only the growing friendship and mutual understanding between our two vast but kindred systems of society, but the continuance of the intimate relations between our military advisers, leading to common study of potential dangers, the similarity of weapons and manuals of instructions, and to the interchange of officers and cadets at technical colleges. It should carry with it the continuance of the present facilities for mutual security by the joint use of all Naval and Air Force bases in the possession of either country all over the world. This would perhaps double the mobility of the American Navy and Air Force. It would greatly expand that of the British Empire forces and it might well lead, if and as the world calms down, to important financial savings. Already we use together a large number of islands; more may well be entrusted to our joint care in the near future.
The United States has already a Permanent Defence Agreement with the Dominion of Canada, which is so devotedly attached to the British Commonwealth and the Empire. This Agreement is more effective than many of those which have been made under formal alliances. This principle should be extended to all the British Commonwealths with full reciprocity. Thus, whatever happens, and thus only, shall we be secure ourselves and able to work together for the high and simple causes that are dear to us and bode no ill to any. Eventually there may come – I feel eventually there will come – the principle of common citizenship, but that we may be content to leave to destiny, whose outstretched arm many of us can already clearly see.
“The news from France is very bad, and I grieve for the gallant French people who have fallen into this terrible misfortune. Nothing will alter our feeling towards them or our faith that the genius of France will rise again.
“What has happened in France makes no difference to British faith and purpose. We have become the sole champions now in arms to defend the world cause. We shall do our best to be worthy of that high honor.
“We shall defend our island and, with the British Empire around us, we shall fight on unconquerable until the curse of Hitler is lifted from the brows of men. We are sure that in the end all will be well. The whole fury and might of the enemy must very soon be turned on us. Hitler knows that he will have to break us in this island or lose the war. If we can stand up to him, all Europe may be freed and the life of the world may move forward into broad, sunlit uplands.
“But if we fail, then the whole world, including the United States, including all that we have known and cared for, will sink into the abyss of a new dark age made more sinister, and perhaps more protracted, by the lights of perverted science.
“Let us therefore brace ourselves to our duties, and so bear ourselves, that if the British Empire and its Commonwealth last for a thousand years, men will still say, This was their finest hour.”
“Today we announce a multi-year program that will enhance service excellence and innovation, help achieve greater operating efficiencies and position us for accelerated growth.”
Sir Winston Churchill |
We meet to honor a man whose honor requires no meeting -- for he is the most honored and honorable man to walk the stage of human history in the time in which we live.
Whenever and wherever tyranny threatened, he has always championed liberty.
Facing firmly toward the future, he has never forgotten the past.
Serving six monarchs of his native Great Britain, he has served all men's freedom and dignity.
In the dark days and darker nights when Britain stood alone -- and most men save Englishmen despaired of England's life -- he mobilized the English language and sent it into battle. The incandescent quality of his words illuminated the courage of his countrymen.
Given unlimited powers by his citizens, he was ever vigilant to protect their rights.
Indifferent himself to danger, he wept over the sorrows of others.
A child of the House of Commons, he became in time its father.
Accustomed to the hardships of battle, he has no distaste for pleasure.
Now his stately Ship of Life, having weathered the severest storms of a troubled century, is anchored in tranquil waters, proof that courage and faith and the zest for freedom are truly indestructible. The record of his triumphant passage will inspire free hearts for all time.
By adding his name to our rolls, we mean to honor him -- but his acceptance honors us far more. For no statement or proclamation can enrich his name -- the name Sir Winston Churchill is already legend.
Sir Winston Churchill |
Silent mourners pace slowly by the catafalque in Westminster Hall. |
Canadian Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson and his wife Maryon leave Westminster Hall. |
In Trafalgar Square the gun carriage rolls past the monument to Lord Nelson. |
Lady Churchill on the arm of son Randolph, followed by daughter Sarah |
The escorted launch Havengore bears Sir Winston Churchill up the Thames. |
At the grave in the village churchyard at Bladon was a tribute from his widow. |
110 Nations mourn at St. Paul's
by Norman Phillips, The Toronto Star staff writer
LONDON In the magnificent service at St. Paul's -- a service never before attempted and impossible of repetition --Winston Churchill's name was not once mentioned.
The unspoken praise came from the multitude representing 110 nations.
From my seat in the cathedral nave I watched the two-hour ceremony as the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Earl Marshal assembled a great cast of international figures for the state funeral.
As I entered the cathedral at 9 a.m. an almost blind light bathed the scrubbed stone walls of the ancient building.
Ushers with gold-tipped purple batons directed the early members of the congregation to their seats.
Mute television monitors hung from the wall recording events outside and two miles away where the funeral procession was assembling.
Directly beneath the 365-feet-high dome stood the waiting catafalque, its dull black velvet cross-hatched with silver.
6 candles, 3 gilt chairs
Beside it stood six black candlesticks with dull-gold beeswax candles and in front of it three red upholstered gilt chairs for the Queen, the Queen Mother and Prince Philip.
A workman in open-necked shirt mounted a 12-foot ladder to light the tapers, and a powerful vacuum cleaner sounded throughout the building as it removed footprints from the bright blue carpeting.
In the midst of these last-minute preparations, Lord Moran, Churchill's family doctor, walked down the aisle behind Apostolic Delegates in magenta robes. African diplomats in brightly-colored togas and bewigged legal officers.
It was like the stage setting for an extravaganza as characters were added one by one while the coffin rolled on inexorably from Westminster Hall.
By 10 minutes to 10 the scarlet-clad aldermen and high officers of the City of London filed through the south door and took their seats in the choir stalls.
Speaker follows mace.
The speaker of the House of Commons in gilt-embroidered black robes followed the mace bearer to his place under the dome and one minute later the Lord Chancellor preceeded by his mace took his seat along side the speaker.
Attendants waited with dark velvet cloths with which the maces must be covered in the presence of the Queen.
Gold-emblazoned officers of chivalry with lacy black mourning sashes over their scabards entered bearing Sir Winston's sword, crest and spurs, while the Lord Chamberlain went out of the cathedral to greet heads of state and royal representatives at the foot of the steps.
Among these President Charles de Gaulle and Russia's Marshal Ivan Konev, both in magnificent military uniforms, dominated the groups with whomthey entered.
The lord mayor of London was the last to arrive before the Queen. Carrying a four-foot, two-inch black mourning sword, he stood at the cathedral entrance greeting the royal party and leading them to where the Archbishop stood in the vestibule.
As the seldom-opened huge west doors swung on creaking hinges, the throb of the drums from the great procession mingled with the gentle organ music within the cathedral.
Finally, on the television screens, the gun carriage could be seen drawn up in the forecourt of St. Paul's and the bare-headed guardsmen stood the burden of the coffin on their shoulders.
At a signal from the earl marshal the procession entered the great west door at 10:49 and paced slowly up the nave followed by the pallbearers, officers bearing the Churchill banners, his orders and decoration, and his achievements, and place them on a black velvet covered table to the east of the catafalque. Then, the traditional Church of England service began with the choir chanting "the sentences" beginning "I am the resurrection and the life."
When the coffin was placed upon the bier, the whole congregation sang "Who Would True Valor See, Let Him Come Hither."
The 30-minute service ended with the Archbishop of Canterbury standing on the altar steps facing the congregation with his cross of office in his hand and offering a benediction.
Trumpeter high in dome
Then came the national anthem, and as it ended a trumpeter, high in the galleries of the dome, sounded the Last Post. As the last notes died away a bugler silhouetted against the narrow windows over the west door replied with reveille and the service was ended.
The bearer party, their faces bathed with perspiration from their heavy burden, led the procession out of the cathedral followed by the heavily-veiled Lady Churchill accompanied by her only son, Randolph.
In the cathedral forecourt, the family party mounted the five state carriages for the next stage of the procession, to Tower Hill and the waiting launches on the Thames.
Led by the lord mayor, the Queen walked to the great west door where the dean and chapter, the Bishop of London and the Archbishop of Canterbury took formal leave of her. She then watched the great procession move off to the beat of the shrouded drums.
Royal Artillery men fired a 19-gun salute as the procession gathered momentum and at Tower Hill 60 massed pipers began the lament as the state funeral proper ended with the transfer of the body to the river launch Havengore for the voyage upriver.
Out of the pale noon clouds, there suddenly streaked 16 Lightning fighters of the Royal Air Force in a final service tribute.
Sir Winston Churchill |
Prime Minister Winston Churchill Addressing a Joint Session of the US Congress in 1941. |
To provide for the placement of a statue or bust of Sir Winston Churchill in the United States Capitol.
Whereas Sir Winston Churchill was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 through 1945 and from 1951 through 1955;
Whereas the United States and the United Kingdom led the Allied Powers during World War Two;
Whereas President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Sir Winston Churchill formed a bond that united freedom-loving people throughout the world to defeat tyranny in Europe and Asia;
Whereas, on December 26, 1941, Sir Winston Churchill addressed a Joint Session of Congress;
Whereas during that speech, Sir Winston Churchill said, `Sure I am that this day--now we are the masters of our fate; that the task which has been set us is not above our strength; that its pangs and toils are not beyond our endurance. As long as we have faith in our cause and an unconquerable will-power, salvation will not be denied us. In the words of the Psalmist, `He shall not be afraid of evil tidings; his heart is fixed, trusting in the Lord.' Not all the tidings will be evil.';
Whereas December 26, 2011, is the 70th anniversary of this speech to a joint session of Congress;
Whereas Sir Winston Churchill was made an Honorary Citizen of the United States by an act of Congress in 1963;
Whereas Sir Winston Churchill was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal in 1969;
Whereas Sir Winston Churchill's persistence, determination and resolve remains an inspiration to freedom-fighters all over the world;
Whereas the United Kingdom remains and will forever be an important and irreplaceable ally to the United States; and
Whereas the United States Capitol does not currently appropriately recognize the contributions of Sir Winston Churchill or that of the United Kingdom: Now, therefore, be itResolved, That the Architect of the Capitol place an appropriate statue or bust of Sir Winston Churchill in the United States Capitol at a location directed by the House Fine Arts Board in consultation with the Speaker.